Obesity in pregnancy

Abstract

The pathophysiology of obesity includes adipose tissue dysfunction, alterations in
adipokine secretion and chronic inflammation, which contribute to insulin resistance.
During pregnancy, this increases the risk of complications such as gestational
diabetes, preeclampsia, miscarriage, premature delivery and fetal death. In addition,
obesity is linked to an increased risk of cesarean section, anesthetic complications,
postoperative infections and venous thromboembolism. Management of obesity
in this setting focuses on behavioral and lifestyle interventions, limiting excessive
weight gain. The use of weight-reducing medications is contraindicated, while
bariatric surgery may be an option if performed in the preconceptional state.