¿Afecta la infección asintomática, leve y moderada por Covid-19 en el primer y segundo trimestre los resultados del embarazo?

Baris  Sever; Raziye  Torun; Ceren  Saglam; Sevim  Tuncer Can; Hakan  Golbasi; Burak  Bayraktar; Mehmet  Ozer; Alkim Gulsah  Sahingoz Yildirim; Atalay  Ekin; Mehmet  Ozeren

doi:10.31403/rpgo.v69i2509

Authors

Baris Sever Hospital de Formación e Investigación Tepecik de la Universidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, División de Perinatología
Raziye Torun Hospital de Formación e Investigación Tepecik de la Universidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, División de Perinatología
Ceren Saglam Hospital de Formación e Investigación Tepecik de la Universidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, División de Perinatología
Sevim Tuncer Can Hospital de Formación e Investigación Tepecik de la Universidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, División de Perinatología
Hakan Golbasi Hospital de Formación e Investigación Tepecik de la Universidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, División de Perinatología
Burak Bayraktar Hospital de Formación e Investigación Tepecik de la Universidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, División de Perinatología
Mehmet Ozer Hospital de Formación e Investigación Tepecik de la Universidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, División de Perinatología
Alkim Gulsah Sahingoz Yildirim Hospital de Formación e Investigación Tepecik de la Universidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, División de Perinatología
Atalay Ekin Hospital de Formación e Investigación Tepecik de la Universidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, División de Perinatología
Mehmet Ozeren Hospital de Formación e Investigación Tepecik de la Universidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, División de Perinatología

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31403/rpgo.v69i2509

Keywords:

Pregnancy complications, infectious, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Maternal exposure, Pregnancy outcome, Fetal outcome

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of asymptomatic, mild and moderate Covid-19
infection in the 1st and 2nd trimesters on pregnancy outcomes. Material and
methods: The study was performed among patients who applied to the Perinatology
Department of Izmir University of Health Sciences, between October 2021 and
July 2022. Pregnant women who had asymptomatic, mild and moderate Covid-19
infection in the 1st and 2nd trimesters were registered and their pregnancy
processes were followed. Results: A total of 437 patients participated in the study.
The numbers of asymptomatic, mild and moderate Covid-19 patients were 142, 157
and 138, respectively. Each group was analyzed as 1st and 2nd trimester subgroups
according to the time of Covid-19 infection. The mean age of patients with moderate
Covid-19 was higher than with mild/asymptomatic Covid-19 (p=0.021). Body mass
index was found to be higher in patients with moderate Covid-19 compared to
patients with mild/asymptomatic infection (p=0.048). Preterm labor (between 34th
and 37th weeks) was significantly higher with moderate Covid-19 infection (p=0.041).
This significant increase was mainly due to the preterm birth rate in patients with
previous Covid-19 infection in the 2nd trimester. There was no significant change
in the rates of cesarean section, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, fetal loss,
intrauterine growth restriction, cholestasis of pregnancy and gestational diabetes.
Conclusions: The effects of Covid-19 infection in early pregnancy (1st and 2nd
trimester) are still the subject of research. Moderate Covid-19 infection, especially in
the 2nd trimester, may lead to an increase in the rate of preterm birth.