Risk of preeclampsia in adolescent primigravidae in a hospital in the Junin region of the Peruvian highlands

Abstract

Introduction: Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality
in the world and in Peru. The role of adolescent pregnancy in the development of
preeclampsia is not clear. Objectives: To analyze the risk of preeclampsia in pregnant
adolescent primigravidae in a maternal and child hospital in the Peruvian highlands.
Methods: Analytical retrospective cohort study. Pregnant women attended between
2018 and 2021 at the Hospital Regional Docente Materno Infantil “El Carmen”, in
Junín, Peru, were included. A Poisson regression model adjusted for theoretical and
epidemiological criteria was used, calculating the relative risk (RR). Results: A total
of 504 primigravidae were included, 35.9% were adolescents aged 10-19 years and
64.1% were adults. A non-significant higher incidence of preeclampsia was observed
in adolescents (7.2%) than in adult pregnant women (3.4%) (RR 1.77; 95% CI 0.76-4.14;
p 0.19). Conclusion: No association was found between adolescent pregnancy and
the development of preeclampsia in a maternal and child hospital in the Peruvian
highlands.